Inquiry content:

When considering the reasons why a divine being might tolerate the existence of a "ruler," the following perspectives can be considered:

1. **Respect for Diversity:** In human society, there are various forms and roles of "domination." These are all part of a divine plan, and each has its own meaning and value.

2. **Providing Experience:** Through interactions with rulers, people can cultivate self-growth and ethical judgment.

3. **Maintaining Order:** It may be recognized as a necessary role to maintain a certain order. This is because a state of chaos can lead to confusion and misfortune.

4. **Symbol of Faith and Hope:** The existence of a ruler can serve as a symbolic role that gives people trust and hope in the divine being.

5. **Trial and Growth:** Through the actions of a ruler, humans can have the opportunity to reflect on themselves and improve.

From these perspectives, it can be considered that there are reasons why a divine being might tolerate the existence of a "ruler." However, the evaluation may change depending on the specific actions taken by the ruler.

1. First, the premise of the question.

This question contains several implicit assumptions:
- God exists.
- God can control the world.
- "Dominators" are troublesome beings.
- Despite this, God is not stopping them.
In other words, this is a type of "Problem of Evil."
It is a question of why an all-powerful and all-good God allows unjust power and domination to exist.

2. Main ideological answer patterns.

From a third-party perspective, historically, several explanations have been presented, broadly categorized.

A. The theory of free will.

A typical example is the defense of free will.
- God gave humans freedom.
- Domination and oppression are also the result of that freedom.
- If God forcibly stops it, freedom cannot exist.
This position explains that there is not "tolerance," but rather "a structure of freedom that does not involve intervention."

B. Growth and Trial Theory.

This is seen in many religious ideologies.
- An imperfect world is a place for the growth of the soul.
- Domination and injustice are also materials for learning.
- There is no maturity without difficulties.
From this perspective, history itself is interpreted as an educational process.

C. The theory that God does not directly govern.

For example, in some theological or Gnostic thought,
- This world is not directly governed by God.
- Lower-level beings or corrupted structures dominate the world.
In this case, it is understood as "the world structure is like that," rather than "God is permitting it."

D. The theory that God is not a being with a personality.

In Buddhism and some philosophical perspectives,
- There is no personal god.
- The world is a chain of cause and effect.
- Rulers are also a result of cause and effect.
In this case, the question itself does not make sense.

E. The theory that God's plan is incomprehensible to humans.

This is a common perspective in monotheistic religions.
- God's perspective is infinite.
- Human judgments of good and evil are limited.
- There is a possibility that it has meaning within the overall plan.
However, this is also an explanation that is difficult to accept.

3. Furthermore, if we abstract one more level.

This question can actually be rephrased as:
"Why is the world not ideal?"
And behind that, there is
- "The world should be better than it is."
- "Injustice should not exist."
There is also a philosophical question about where this intuition itself comes from.

4. Summary by a third party.

As a third party, organizing the perspectives:
- There are those who view it as "something that is tolerated."
- There are those who view it as "the result of freedom."
- There are those who view it as "a problem of the world structure."
- There are those who assert "there is no God."
- There are those who consider it "unintelligible."
The answer completely changes depending on which perspective is adopted.

Furthermore, I requested an explanation from a Christian perspective, such as from the Catholic Church, using ChatGPT.

1. Premise: God is omnipotent, all-good, and the Lord of providence.

In Catholic theology,
- God is omnipotent.
- God is all-good.
- God guides history through providence.
(Example: The theological system of Thomas Aquinas).
Therefore,
The question "Why does God allow oppressors?"
is treated as "Why does God allow the existence of evil power?"

2. The position in Romans 13 (the origin of authority).

In Paul's letter to the Romans, chapter 13,
it is stated that,
"All authority comes from God."
However, it is important to note that
• the "principle of order of authority" comes from God,
• and that the actions of individual rulers do not necessarily mean that they are all in accordance with God's will.

3. The principle of free will.

In Catholicism, human free will is essential.
It is understood that God:
- Gave the ability to rule,
- And the possibility of abuse,
Through freedom.
If God immediately eliminates bad rulers,
Then freedom would essentially be invalidated.
Therefore,
God does not "will" evil, but rather "permits" it.

4. Tolerating evil and a greater good.

Aquinas organizes it as follows:
God does not directly create evil, but allows evil for the sake of a greater good.
For example:
- The oppression of a tyrant strengthens faith.
- Martyrdom promotes the growth of the church.
- Injustice encourages an awakening to justice.
In the history of Christianity, the paradox that the church expands during times of persecution is often mentioned.
For example:
Augustine said,
"God can draw good from evil."

5. The central theme of the cross of Christ.

The core of the Christian answer is here.
Jesus Christ was
- executed through a conspiracy between religious power and political power,
- in an unjust trial.
In other words,
God himself became a victim of an unjust power structure.
However, the cross leads to resurrection.
This is a declaration of hope that
- God does not simply forgive evil,
- but that there will ultimately be judgment and restoration.

6️⃣ Final judgment (eschatology).

In Catholicism,
- The present world is not the final stage.
- There will be God's judgment at the end of history.
Even the most powerful rulers
- Will be held accountable before God.
Because of this eschatology,
It becomes understandable that "what seems permissible now"

7️⃣ Summary (Catholic perspective).

God is described in a four-layered structure as follows:
- God does not actively desire rulers.
- However, God allows it as a result of free will.
- God draws good from even the evil of rulers.
- Ultimately, there will be judgment.

8. From a theological perspective.

The question can ultimately be rephrased as:
"Why doesn't God forcibly purify history?"
The Catholic answer lies in:
- God chose salvation over coercion.
- God chose the cross over power.

Furthermore, I asked ChatGPT.

From the perspective of Christian mysticism, let's organize this question.

1. What is mysticism?

Mysticism emphasizes:
- Direct union with God (unio mystica)
- Inner transformation
- Experience of God's presence
rather than the logical explanation of doctrines.
Representative mystics include:
- John of the Cross
- Teresa of Ávila
- Meister Eckhart
and others.

2️⃣ In mysticism, the angle of the question changes.

"Why does God allow rulers?"
This question is transformed in mysticism as follows:
"Why does God allow the process of purifying the soul?"
In mysticism, the focus is on the maturation of the soul, rather than on history or social structures.

3. External domination and internal freedom.

Mystics often say:
- External constraints cannot bind the soul.
- True freedom lies within.
For example, John of the Cross spoke of the "Dark Night."
This is a process in which the soul is purified by God,
through a period when God seems absent,
and through a stage of experiencing suffering and oppression.
From this perspective,
even unjust rule can become an opportunity to lead the soul towards God.

4. The theme of God's silence.

In mysticism, "the silence of God" is an important theme.
God often:
- Appears not to intervene.
- Appears not to stop injustice.
- Appears to be hidden.
However, this is interpreted as:
God is not absent, but is working in a deeper dimension.

5. Spiritual meaning of dominance.

Mystically, external domination can also be read symbolically.
- External tyrant = Inner selfishness
- Social oppression = Unpurified aspects of the soul
In Eckhartian terms,
The true enemy is not outside, but attachment to the self.
Therefore, the question shifts from
"Why does God allow the tyrant?"
to
"Why does God allow this situation to remove my attachment to the self?"

6. Conformity with Christ.

The core of mysticism lies here.
Jesus Christ
- remained silent under unjust power,
- chose acceptance over resistance,
- and became one with God through the cross.
For mystics, this is not just a historical event,
but the path that one's own soul follows.

7️⃣ Mystical conclusion.

God does not
- approve of rulers,
- but allows it as a process of purifying the soul.
And ultimately, what is most important is not
how the external structure is,
but whether the soul is in harmony with God.

8️⃣ Very strict aspects.

To be honest, this position
- Can sometimes appear indifferent from the perspective of social justice.
- Tends to emphasize acceptance rather than resistance.
However, mystics also argue that
Inner freedom cannot be taken away by anyone.

I requested ChatGPT to provide an explanation based on modern spirituality.

Here, we will organize it from a modern spiritual worldview (including a broad meaning such as New Age, soul evolution theory, and wave theory), rather than traditional Christian theology.
*This is just an organization of typical ideological patterns.

1. The premise is slightly changed.

In the spiritual worldview, typically:
- God is not an external, judging personal god.
- God is the cosmic consciousness/source/great consciousness.
- Humans reincarnate as souls.
Therefore, the question is not,
"Why does God tolerate rulers?"
but rather,
"Why does this cosmic system allow for a hierarchical structure?"

2. The theory of soul evolution scenarios.

Here is a common explanation:
- The Earth is a school for souls.
- Duality (light and darkness) is the stage for learning.
- Domination and being dominated are also learning themes.
From this perspective,
- Both the side that dominates
- And the side that is dominated
are said to have chosen their "roles" at the soul level.
In other words,
It is interpreted as an experience that is agreed upon, not tolerated.

3. Contrast Theory.

In spiritual teachings, it is often said that:
- Darkness is necessary to understand light.
- Fear is necessary to understand love.
Domination and oppression are said to be:
- Catalysts that awaken the value of freedom.
In other words, evil is a "awakening device."

4. Wave and frequency model.

In some New Age philosophies,
- The world is composed of the vibrations of the collective consciousness.
- Lower vibrations create dominant structures.
- Higher vibrations dismantle them.
In this case,
It is not that God is approving,
But that the collective consciousness of humanity is creating reality.

5. The Earth as a laboratory/experiential learning ground theory.

Furthermore, a more radical viewpoint suggests:
- The Earth is an experiential field created by highly conscious beings.
- It is a free will experiment conducted in a restricted environment.
- Growth accelerates because of the restrictions.
In this context, the controlling structure is:
- A part of the restricted environment.

6. Domination as a trigger for awakening.

Spiritually, it is often said that:
- Oppression intensifies.
- People begin to question.
- Consciousness awakens.
- Old structures collapse.
In other words,
domination is not a permanent structure,
but a preliminary stage before awakening.

7️⃣ Quite a strict aspect.

This position also has problems.
- It is easily perceived as victim-blaming.
- It risks justifying social injustice.
- It tends to trivialize real suffering.
Therefore, mature spiritual philosophies try to strike a balance,
saying that even if it is a "soul agreement," real suffering is real.

8. Spiritual summary.

In this world view,
rather than being something that God approves of,
the setting is a world of duality,
souls are experiencing it within that,
and awakening occurs from within.

9. Fundamentally different points.

In Christianity:
→ God is a transcendent sovereign.

In spirituality:
→ God is an inherent consciousness.

This difference leads to different answers.

I also asked ChatGPT for an explanation that incorporates the idea of "anger towards social structures."

Now, let's set aside the religious premises for the time being and analyze this question from the perspective of "anger towards social structures."

1. The essence of this question.

"Why does God tolerate such troublesome and oppressive beings?"
This is a theological question, but it can be rephrased psychologically and socially as:
Why does unjust power not disappear?
Furthermore:
Why is the world so unfair?
This contains ethical intuition and anger.

2. The reason for using the word "god."

When anger towards social structures is expressed using the word "god," it often represents:
- A feeling that the world should inherently be more just.
- A belief that there should be a fundamental principle that guarantees justice.
- A perception that this principle is not functioning as it should.
In other words, "god" is used as a symbol of:
- Universal justice.
- Moral order.
- Ultimate fairness.

3. From a social and ideological perspective,

Historically, this anger has manifested in various ideologies.
A. Criticism of religion
Karl Marx stated that religion is the sigh of the oppressed.
In other words,
he criticized that
even questioning God
can potentially legitimize the existing power structures.

B. The declaration of the death of God
Friedrich Nietzsche said,
"God is dead."
This was not simply atheism, but
a declaration to
stop expecting transcendence and justice,
and for humans to create values.

C. Existentialist transformation
Jean-Paul Sartre argued that
there is no guarantee in the world,
absurdity is the structure itself,
and yet humans must take responsibility.

4. Domination as a social structure.

Sociologically,
domination
arises not only from
individual malice, but also from
institutions,
economic structures,
and the concentration of power.
In other words,
it is not that
"God approves,"
but that
the structure is reproducing itself.

5. The philosophical meaning of anger.

Anger has important aspects.
Anger is:
- A sensor that detects injustice.
- An intuition that one's dignity has been violated.
- A value system that says the world should be this way.
Anger itself is a moral energy.
The problem is:
- Whether to direct it towards God.
- Whether to direct it towards rulers.
- Whether to direct it towards structures.
- Whether to transform it into one's own actions.

6️⃣ The depth of this question.

This question actually has a double structure.
Surface level: Why doesn't God stop it?
Deeper level: Why doesn't anyone stop it?
Even deeper level: Why can't we stop it?

7. Conclusion from a social perspective.

If read as anger towards social structures, the answer would be:
- It is not something that God approves of.
- Human society creates power.
- Domination is a product of culture, systems, and fear.
- Change arises not from transcendence, but from within.

8️⃣ Very important point.

When anger is directed towards "God,"
- It easily turns into a feeling of helplessness.
When anger is directed towards "Structure,"
- It transforms into analysis.
When anger is directed towards "Action,"
- It transforms into change.

9. Finally.

This question does not involve a simple theological problem, but includes:
- A sense of justice
- A feeling of powerlessness
- A sense of unease with the existing structure
- A desire for change.